MoveIQ
LEARN · RUNNING

Running Technique Reference

15 measurement guides, grouped by gait phase.

Initial Contact3
Midstance7

Midstance Knee Flexion

130°–140° included (≈40°–50° of flexion)

At midstance on the LEFT leg, draw the thigh line (hip → knee), then the shank line (knee → ankle). The angle between them is knee flexion.

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Foot Pronation

5° to 8° eversion (calcaneus rolls inward relative to tibia)

From behind the LEFT leg, draw two lines. Line 1 (tibia midline): click the middle of the soleus (mid-calf), then the bottom of the Achilles tendon. Line 2 (calcaneus): click the top of the heel bone, then the bottom of the heel. The angle between the two lines is rear-foot pronation (eversion).

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Pelvic Drop (Contralateral)

0° to 5° (contralateral hip drops slightly)

During LEFT-leg stance, click the left iliac crest first, then the right. The angle vs. horizontal is the contralateral drop.

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Trunk Bend

0° to 5° (slight lean toward the stance leg is normal — compensates for contralateral drop)

During LEFT-leg stance, click the base of the neck (C7 spinous process), then the midpoint of the pelvis. The angle vs. vertical is the trunk's lateral bend.

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Knee Adduction / Abduction

−5° to +5° (close to neutral; positive = valgus/inward)

From the front, draw the LEFT thigh line (hip → knee) and then the shank line (knee → ankle). Inward deviation is adduction (valgus); outward is abduction (varus).

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Foot Adduction / Abduction

−5° to +10° (slight out-toe is normal; in-toe is the larger flag)

From the front, trace the LEFT foot axis from the ankle to the mid-toe. The angle vs. line of progression (image vertical) is the adduction (in-toeing) or abduction (out-toeing).

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Arm Carriage

≈ 80° – 100° elbow flexion; much straighter (> ~110°) or over-bent (< ~70°) wastes swing efficiency.

At midstance, draw the upper arm (shoulder → elbow) first, then the forearm (elbow → wrist). The interior angle at the elbow is the arm-carriage (elbow-flexion) angle.

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Push-Off2
Other3